Aristotle (born 384 BCE) was a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, criticism, rhetoric, physics, biology, psychology, mathematics, metaphysics, ethics, and politics. Aristotle's intellectual range was vast, covering most of the sciences and many of the arts, including biology, botany, chemistry, ethics, history, logic, metaphysics, rhetoric, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, physics, poetics, political theory, psychology, and zoology.
While Aristotle made some exceptional discoveries during his lifetime, he wasn't always correct. According to Aristotle, the heart is the center of intelligence, not the brain. He also thought that the gender of goats depends on the direction of wind flow.
Alexander the Great, one of the greatest military strategists and leaders in world history, was tutored by Aristotle. He became a student of Aristotle in 343BC and took much advice from his teacher.
Aristotle was the founder of "formal logic", the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used sentences and of deductive arguments, devising for it a finished system that for centuries was regarded as the sum of the discipline; and he pioneered the study of zoology, both observational and theoretical, in which some of his work remained unsurpassed until the 19th century. But he is, of course, most outstanding as a philosopher. His writings in ethics and political theory as well as in metaphysics and the philosophy of science continue to be studied, and his work remains a powerful current in contemporary philosophical debate.
Famous Aristotle Quotes:
"Our characters are the result of our conduct."
"The roots of education... are bitter, but the fruit is sweet."
"For the things we have to learn before we can do, we learn by doing."
"One swallow does not a summer make."
Aristotle believed that men and women naturally differed both physically and mentally. He claimed that women are "more mischievous, less simple, [and] more impulsive." This has remained with people to this day.